Conditions and requirements for the placement and fastening of goods in universal large-capacity containers of 20DC and 20HC with a nominal weightgross20 and 24 tons, 40DC and 40HC with a nominal gross weight of 30.5 tons.

1.1. Goods must be presented for transportation in separate units or in transport packages formed on pallets, measuring 800 x 1200 or 1000 x 1200 mm and no more than 1140 mm high. Transport packages must be firmly fastened with bindings, shrink wrap or other means that exclude the displacement of cargo units inside the package during transportation, including relative to pallets.

1.2. The placement of goods in containers must be carried out in such a way that the specific load per 1 cm²the floor area did not exceed 0.5 kgf for medium-tonnage and 1 kgf for large-tonnage containers. In order to reduce the specific load on the container floor, linings must be used.

1.3. The load on the floor of the container from the wheel of the loader with the load should not exceed 2785 kgf. In this case, the wheel width must be at least 180 mm, the distance between the axles of two wheels of one bridge (if the bridge contains only two wheels) must be at least 760 mm and the contact area of the tire of each wheels with a container floor of at least 140 cm². It is not allowed to move any cargo on the floor of the container by dragging or tilting.

1.4. The placement of goods in containers to be transported in direct mixed traffic must be carried out taking into account the rules applicable to the relevant modes of transport.

3.1. Packaged piece loads formed in stacks are placed close to the end wall of the container with the installation of a barrier shield in accordance with the requirements of paragraph 2.6 of this chapter. On the door side, the cargo spaces should be positioned along the length of the container, except in specially specified cases. It is allowed to enclose the end wall with the same vertically mounted loads instead of shields when loading plywood, drywall, fiberboard, chipboard and other sheet loads. It is allowed to use bundles and bundles of pipes, high-grade metal, hardware, timber, cylindrical and other loads of sufficient strength laid with the long side across the container as a fence.

3.2. Fastening of goods in containers must be carried out using wooden thrust and spacer bars, connecting strips and linings with stretch marks made of wire with a diameter of at least 6 mm in two or more strands for the eyelets, staples and rings available in containers. The stretch marks should be positioned at an angle to the floor and to the side walls of no more than 40 degrees. (Fig. 3 of this chapter). Fig. 3 (not given) Fig. 4 (not given) Cargo fastening devices located on the floor at the junction with the bases of the container walls allow loading in any direction with a force of up to 2000 kgf inclusive, and devices located on the side walls - up to 500 kgf inclusive.

3.3. Loads placed in several tiers in two stacks along the container with a distance between them of more than 200 mm must be fixed along the width of the container with spacer frames made of boards with a cross section of at least 25 x 100 mm (Fig. 4 of this chapter). Each frame should consist of two vertical boards, equal in length to the height of the stack, and two spacers placed closely between them. Adjacent frames are connected in pairs by four longitudinal slats with a cross section of at least 22 x 50 mm, which are nailed at the ends with two nails 50 mm long to vertically mounted boards at the top and bottom. The number of frames and their installation should exclude the possibility of transverse movements of stacks.

5.1. Loads up to and including 2250 mm in length (for example, metal rods, pipes without sockets, bundles of metal) are placed across the container (Fig. 6 of this chapter).

5.2. Loads with a length from 2250 to 6000 mm inclusive are placed along the container (Fig. 7 of this chapter). When mechanized loading of unpacked goods, it is necessary to lay wooden linings 1 with a thickness of at least 40 mm and a width of 150 mm on the floor of the container.

For goods placed with the long side across the container, the length of the linings is assumed to be equal to the length of the container. At the same time, two pads must be placed under loads up to 1100 mm long, and three pads over 1100 mm to 2250 mm long. It is allowed to use linings made up of two parts in thickness, connected by two nails with a length of 50 mm. The protruding ends of the nails should be bent. Fig. 6 (not given) Fig. 7 (not given). Loads must be separated from the side walls of the container by vertical gaskets 3 (Fig. 6 of this chapter) made of thick cardboard, plywood, scraps of boards, etc. 

When placing cargo along the container, the length of the linings is assumed to be equal to the width of the container. Three linings must be placed under loads with a length of more than 2250 mm up to and including 3000 mm; four linings with a length of more than 3000 mm up to and including 4000 mm; five linings with a length of more than 4000 mm up to and including 5000 mm; six linings with a length of more than 5000 mm up to and including 6000 mm.

The end wall and the door of the container must be protected by shields 3 (Fig. 7 of this chapter) made of boards with a thickness of 30 mm or more. Shields should be made solid or with gaps between the boards. In this case, the size of the gaps should be no more than 50% of the smallest size of the transported products.

Cylindrical loads (for example, metal drums, cans, rolls of metal tape) are placed in a vertical position in 1-3 tiers in height (Fig. 8 of this chapter). Each unit of cargo of the lower tier is placed on two wooden linings 2 with a cross section of at least 40 x 100 mm, stacked along the container. The linings can be continuous along the entire length of the container or consist of several parts. The end wall of the container is protected by a loading height shield 1 in accordance with paragraph 2.6 of this chapter.

6.1. Rolls of wide metal tape and other cylindrical cargoes in metal packaging weighing one place up to 1 ton inclusive are loaded into one tier in height with the installation of each place on two longitudinal linings 1 of the above dimensions (Fig. 9 of this chapter). Close to the end wall, a thrust bar 2 with a thickness of 50 mm, a width of at least 150 mm and a length along the width of the container is placed on top of the ends of the linings. It is allowed to use bars made up of two parts in thickness, fastened together with four nails with a length of 60 to 70 mm inclusive. The ends of the nails that have passed through must be bent. Figure 8 (not shown)  Figure 9 (not shown).  

On the side of the door, a thrust bar 2 of the same size is laid, through which the longitudinal forces from the load are transmitted to the corner posts of the container. Spacer bars 3 with a thickness of 50 to 100 mm inclusive and a width of at least 150 mm are placed close to the bar and to the extreme rolls. The length of the latter is determined by location. 4 linings of the same thickness as the linings under the load are placed under the spacer bars. Each spacer bar is nailed to the lining with two nails from 100 to 150 mm long, inclusive. The thrust bars are fixed at the ends to the linings with the same nails. In all cases, the cargo must be separated from the longitudinal walls of the container by gaskets made of thick cardboard, wood-laminated plastic (hardboard), plywood or boards.

6.2. Barrels with liquids and dry goods are placed in containers on the end. Barrels with liquids must be installed with plugs up. The plugs must be tightly driven into the holes and not protrude above the surface of the bottom. The method of placing barrels in containers is set depending on their size and quantity. When loading into several tiers in height, barrels of the same size should be installed in each tier. Wooden gaskets are installed between the tiers in such a way that each barrel of the second and subsequent tiers is supported by two gaskets. The dimensions of the gaskets are setshipperbased on the size of the barrels and their weight.

7.1. Passenger cars (including all-terrain vehicles) with a gross weight of not more than 3.5 tons are placed: in containers of standard sizes 20DC - one car; in containers of standard sizes 40DC - one or two cars. Cars must be washed and wiped dry before loading. Tire treads and car wheel rims must be cleaned of dirt. The tire pressure must be adjusted so that the contact area of the tires with the floor is from 130 to 150 mm2 inclusive. The gasoline from the tank of the cars must be drained and the battery disconnected. Leaks of oil, brake and coolant from vehicle systems are not allowed. In the areas where the engine and bridges are located, a protective coating (for example, a polymer film) must be laid on the floor of the container and secured against movement. The installation of vehicles with wheels on the pavement is not allowed. After placing the car in the container, it must be braked with a hand brake. The gear selector lever must be locked in the first gear position (for a manual transmission) or in the parking position (for an automatic transmission).

7.2. In containers of standard sizes 20DC, the car is fixed (Fig. 10 of this chapter) with two pairs of stretch marks 6 made of wire with a diameter of 6 mm in two strands, as well as two longitudinal 3, four transverse 4 and four thrust 5 bars with a cross section of at least 100 x 120 mm. Fig. 10 (not given). Stretch marks 6 are fixed at one end to the lower linking devices of the container on the side walls in its end parts, and at the other end to the power elements of the car (for example, towing devices, springs, axles of semi-axles of wheelsets).

The bars are placed in the container as follows:

• two thrust bars 2, with a length equal to the inner width of the container, are placed at the end wall and doors of the container;
• two longitudinal bars 3, with a length equal to the distance between the specified transverse bars 2, are laid on the outside of the wheels close to them. It is allowed to install protective gaskets between the wheels and the longitudinal bars 3 to protect the rubber from abrasion;
• each of the two transverse thrust bars 4 is placed on longitudinal bars 3 close to the front and rear wheels from their outer side and fixed to each longitudinal bar with two nails. Four bars 5 with a length of at least 300 mm are laid on the longitudinal bar 3 close to the transverse bar 4 and fixed with three nails. Longitudinal and transverse bars laid at the end wall and the door of the container are fastened together with building brackets 7, one at a time in connection. The transverse thrust bars 2 and 4 on the side of the end door are laid and secured after rolling up the car. The length of the nail should be equal to the thickness of the fastened bars, but exclude damage to the container floor. Hammering nails and staples into the floor of the container is not allowed.

7.3. Cars are fixed in containers of standard sizes 40DC (Fig. 11 of this chapter) in the same way as they are fixed in containers of standard sizes 1C and 1CC. Fig. 11 (not given).

7.4. The bars used for fixing cars can be composite in height, and longitudinal - and in length of no more than two parts. In order to avoid damage to the container floor, the fastening of the longitudinal bars into a single whole of several parts must be performed outside the container.

7.5. In cases of ensuring the placement and fastening of vehicles by the carrier, the shipper must be present during loading, for which he must be notified in advance of the date and time of loading.

8.1. The cargo in the container must be placed symmetrically to its longitudinal and transverse planes of symmetry. The height of the total center of gravity of the cargo should not exceed half the height of the container, the displacement of the total center of mass of the cargo in the transverse direction should not exceed 100 mm.

8.2. Between the inner lining of the container and the cargo or between loads with protruding, especially metal, parts, as well as sharp edges or corners, appropriate packaging of the cargo or the use of gaskets is required.

8.3. Cargo in containers should be placed evenly over the entire floor area. The total amount of gaps along the length or width of the container between individual units (places) of cargo and between them and the walls of the container should not exceed 200 mm.

8.4. The fastening of goods in medium-tonnage containers must be carried out using spacer, thrust bars, stretch marks for the eyelets available in the container. Eyelets for securing loads with tripwires can be loaded in any direction with a force of up to 300 kgf.

8.5. The procedure for placing and securing goods in medium-tonnage containers is similar to the procedure provided for large-tonnage containers, unless a different procedure is established by the rules of carriage for goods by rail.